Property rental Tax in Cambodia is set by the rental received on the following types of properties:Residential and commercial buildings or properties.Industrial and commercial installed equipment.Floating watercrafts/homes or ships used as homestay or place of business.Land without buildings used for stone, mine and coal extraction, lakes and salt pan field.This tax is collected from proprietors or leaseholders.Tax Rate:A foreign investor who buys property in Cambodia and rents it out needs to pay 14% of the gross rate annually while Cambodians have to pay 10%. This gross rental must be included in the lease agreement.Sample (for a Cambodian):5 apartment unitsRented at $200 per weekRental rate$200Number of apartment units5Property Tax 10%($200 x 5 ) x 10% = $100How to register:To register to become a taxpayer for property tax, the first thing you must do under this law is to register at your tax branch. You only need to register the property if it’s worth $25,000 or more. You should go to your tax branch where the property is located and complete two forms: PT01 and PT02.Read here for a more detailed guide on property taxes in Cambodia.When are tax payments due?The tax payment is an annual obligation due by September 30th.Looking for rentals in Cambodia? Let us help!Article by:

You don’t need a Cambodian bank account, but here is why you should open one.If you are intending to purchase your new home/investment in Cambodia, opening an account is not a legal obligation.Many expats choose to keep their bank accounts from home open and use them as their primary source of cash. It quickly becomes evident with mounting ATM charges (up to $5 per transaction) for foreign cards in Cambodia (and the home banks often charging the same), this is not the most economically viable way to conduct daily spending.What are my options if I don’t have a local bank account and want to purchase a property?You can use a lawyer's account and/or transfer monies directly to a developer. If you choose to transfer directly to the developer please ensure you seek legal advice prior to doing so.The benefits of opening a local bank account for investment propertiesIf you plan to receive rental from your tenants locally, having a local bank account reduces your transfer fees. It's also much easier to have access to local funds and local transfers through bank apps. This will allow you to pay expenses when overseas with minimal fuss and cost.As with any foreign country, there are high-risk factors of transferring large sums of cash directly to an unknown person/persons. And while Cambodian law is becoming more sensitive to the needs of foreign investors, anyone looking to invest in the Kingdom would still do well by securing their bases and opening a bank account if possible.If you are interested in opening a bank account in Cambodia, please read our ultimate guide to banking for foreigners in Cambodia. Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:

Transferring money to Cambodia is a straightforward process, but it is important to have the correct documentation and comply with relevant laws. In this guide, we will cover the essentials you need to know before transferring funds into Cambodia.Foreign exchange controls Cambodia does not impose restrictions on the repatriation of capital or profits out of the country, as long as the transfers are conducted through registered financial institutions such as banks. The official currency of Cambodia is the Riel (KHR), but most transactions are conducted in US dollars. Remittances are subject to applicable withholding taxes.Restriction on foreign exchangeUnder the Law on the Foreign Exchange of September 1997, there are no restrictions on foreign exchange operations through authorised intermediaries, including purchases and sales of foreign exchange on the foreign exchange market, transfers, all kinds of international settlements, and capital flows in foreign or domestic currency between Cambodia and the rest of the world or between residents and non-residents.Authorised intermediaries must provide the National Bank of Cambodia with periodic statements, by type of transfer or settlement and outflows and inflows of capital carried out between Cambodia and the rest of the world, according to the time set by the National Bank of Cambodia. Residents are allowed to hold foreign currencies freely, both in the form and location of such holdings inside the country. However, in the case of a foreign exchange crisis, the National Bank of Cambodia may issue regulations to be implemented for a maximum period of three months, temporarily suspending the enforcement of this provision.Transfers Relating to Investment or Liquidation of InvestmentTransfers relating to investment or liquidation of investment shall be made through authorised intermediaries. The authorised intermediaries shall report to the National Bank of Cambodia the amount of each transfer equaling or exceeding one hundred thousand US dollars (USD 100,000).RemittanceArticle 11 of the Amended Law on Investment of 2003 gives assurance that Qualified Investment Projects (QIPs) have the freedom to send foreign currency overseas, which they purchased through authorized banks, to settle any financial obligations they have related to their investment. These obligations may involve:Payment for imports and repayment of principal and interest on international loans;Payment of royalties and management fees;Remittance of profits; andRepatriation of invested capital in case of dissolution.Reminder!Keep in mind, before transferring funds to Cambodia, it is important to check with your bank in Cambodia to ensure that the correct documentation is completed and compliant with relevant laws. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you can easily transfer funds into Cambodia without any problems. Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!

Homeownership comes with a range of financial responsibilities beyond the initial purchase price. One aspect that homeowners often encounter is maintenance fees. In this article, we will explain the concept of maintenance fees and general costs in Cambodia.What Is Maintenance Fee?Also known as service charges or due, these are recurring payments that individuals or entities make to cover the costs associated with maintaining and managing a property, service, or asset. These fees are often used to support ongoing operational expenses, repairs, upgrades, and other essential services. Maintenance fees can be charged on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis, depending on the arrangement. In the context of homeownership, maintenance fees are typically associated with condominiums and boreys. Residents pay these fees to cover the upkeep of common areas such as landscaping, swimming pools, elevators, and security services. This allows property owners to collectively maintain the shared facilities and services that enhance their quality of living.  In Cambodia, fees go towards hiring property management companies to oversee the day-to-day operations, address resident concerns, and enforce community rules.How Is the Maintenance Fee Calculated?While a one-size-fits-all formula for calculating maintenance fees doesn't exist, the final expenses are influenced by several factors like the type of services provided (such as common area cleaning, lift maintenance, and security), the facilities available (such as pools and gyms), the size common areas, and the quality and quantity of services demanded by residents. For a condo, the fee ranges from $0.50 to $2 per square metre and for Borey, the maintenance fee will depend on the developer, some might include a security guard, landscaping and garbage collection in the project area. Why Is It Important to Regular Maintenance?Similar to any other asset, it's essential to recognise that a property will inevitably age over time. This ageing process can significantly impact its appreciation and value, especially if you intend to sell it. It's crucial to keep in mind that properties naturally undergo changes as they age. Consequently, it's worth considering the implementation of effective property management to oversee the maintenance of the property. This approach ensures that quality maintenance is consistently upheld. In conclusion, maintenance fees are a crucial aspect of homeownership within shared communities. While they represent an ongoing expense, maintenance fees contribute to the value and overall appeal of the property.If you are interested in learning more about properties in Cambodia, our real estate agents are ready to assist you. Contact us today. Click Here

When purchasing a property, it is essential for buyers to consider the importance of long-term maintenance and sustainability. Thus, having a reliable financial mechanism is crucial to meet eventual repairs or major renovations. This is where the concept of a sinking fund comes in handy. In this article, we will explain the significance of a sinking fund, exploring its purpose, relevance in real estate, calculations, and how it operates within the local contextWhat is a Sinking Fund?A sinking fund is a designated pool of money set aside by an individual, corporation, or homeowners' association to accumulate funds over time for a specific purpose, such as repaying a debt or financing future expenses. It involves making regular contributions or deposits into the sinking fund with the goal of accumulating enough funds to meet a future financial obligation or goal.Purpose of Sinking FundThe primary purpose of a sinking fund is to ensure that there are adequate funds available when needed, thereby reducing sudden financial burdens. It is commonly used in various contexts, including corporate finance, personal finance, and real estate. In corporate finance, companies may establish sinking funds to gradually set aside funds for the repayment of long-term debts, such as bonds or loans. This allows them to systematically retire the debt over time.On an individual level, sinking funds can be used to save for significant purchases or expenses, such as a down payment for a house, a vehicle, or a vacation. By regularly contributing to the sinking fund, individuals can accumulate the necessary funds and avoid the need for excessive borrowing or draining their savings all at once. How are Sinking Funds Relevant to Real Estate?Sinking funds are also relevant in the context of real estate, particularly when it comes to strata buildings or condominiums. In real estate, a sinking fund is a financial tool utilised by owners' corporations or homeowners' associations to ensure the availability of funds for future maintenance, repairs, and refurbishments of the property. For example, in a condominium, the sinking fund is set up to cover common emergency expenses and major capital works related to the building. This fund is built up over time by contributions from the individual unit owners, typically through regular payments or levies. The purpose is to accumulate sufficient funds to address significant expenses that may arise in the future, such as roof replacement, elevator repairs, or structural renovations.By establishing a sinking fund, it can proactively plan for and finance the ongoing maintenance and improvement needs of the property. This helps distribute the financial burden among the owners and ensures that adequate funds are available when necessary, preventing the need for sudden special assessments or significant increases in fees.How are Sinking Funds Calculated?Using examples from other countries, sinking fund fees are calculated based on an audit of the building known as a sinking fund forecast. This audit is undertaken by a suitably qualified surveyor engaged by the owner’s corporation. This audit looks at the condition of the building, plant and machinery, and calculates the life cycle of these items, forecasting either the plants’ replacement or refurbishment in a set number of years, for example, 7, 15 and 20 years from the date of the audit. The audit will also calculate what these works may cost in the future. These costs will be broken down into per lot fees paid either monthly or annually, to be held in trust by the owners’ group until the refurbishment is required.Sinking Funds In CambodiaAlthough the Cambodian Government introduced the 2009 Sub-decree on the Management and Use of Co-owned Buildings that requires “ the co-owners to establish a management board or an executive committee as agreed among themselves following the prescribed internal regulations” the requirement to establish a sinking fund and its associated requirements are not completely covered by this decree.If you're a newcomer to property investment in Cambodia or eager to make an informed decision, reach out to our real estate experts today for a consultation on the Cambodian property market. At Realestate.com.kh, we offer current insights and help customers find their dream properties every day. If you are interested to learn more in detail about the properties available in Cambodia, our real estate experts are ready to assist you. Contact us today. Free Consultation Here

First of all, let's understand how locations work in Cambodia. Locations are defined by three main terms. Each term has two commonly-used and widely-accepted words. Sounds confusing. Don’t sweat, we’ve got you covered. When we say locations, we mean cities, suburbs, districts, provinces, etc. Simply put, locations in Cambodia are defined by 1. City/Province, 2. Khan/District, 3. Sangkat/Commune, and even then if you were on a website like Wikipedia you will get confused as it starts talking about municipalities and so on. In this guide, we will provide you a better explanation of the terminology used for some of the most popular and high potential locations for developments in Cambodia and identify a few of the terms, locations, and references that might confuse you as a property seeker in Cambodia.City or ProvinceThere are 25 cities and provinces in Cambodia and most Cambodians as well as expats, use the term province if they refer to any location outside of Phnom Penh, which they regard as a city. Regardless they are more or less the same thing. And the top three locations for condominium investment are Phnom Penh city, Siem Reap province and Preah Sihanoukville, known locally as Kom Pong Som province.(Silk island, locally known as Koh Dach, is a 1-hour drive famous gateway island from the bustling city of Phnom Penh / Seiha Phorn) Khan or DistrictThe next level is commonly known as Khan or District. There are 12 districts within Siem Reap province, 4 in Preah Sihanoukville and 14 currently in Phnom Penh. For the purposes of better planning, in 2019 the Cambodian government created two new districts within Phnom Penh. One known as Kamboul and the other one is Boeung Keng Kang, a more important district for condominium investors to learn about. Located right in the heart of Phnom Penh, Boeung Keng Kang is locally known as BKK by Cambodians and expats. BKK is a hotspot for some of the most promising top-tier residential development projects.(BKK is one of the hotspots for new developments in Phnom Penh / Realestate.com.kh) Sangkat or CommuneThe next level is known as Sangkat or Commune and even then it goes more granular (with Khom or Village) although those are little known, even by local Cambodians. Since 2019 Boeung Keng Kang now houses Boeung Keng Kang I (BKK1), Boeung Keng Kang II (BKK2), Boeung Keng Kang III (BKK3), Olympic, Tumnop Teuk, Tuol Svay Prey I and Tuol Svay Prey II. While another popular location for condominium investment known as Tonle Bassac which is just next door to BKK1 and is located within the Chamkarmon district. If you are searching for property on realestate.com.kh, we have not made the change in our location data set as the market (property seekers, agents and developers) generally follows the old locations and classifications for now.Phnom PenhIf you are looking for property in the capital city of Phnom Penh, the hot sub-locations for these top-grade and luxury investments include: 1. Chamkarmon, as mentioned above the classification for the sub-locations by law has changed, however, the agents, developers and property seekers have not adopted this yet, so as to not confuse the users of realestate.com.kh - neither have we. Chamkarmon can sometimes be referred to as the centre of Phnom Penh, and whilst the district does demand the highest rental returns and the highest land price per square meter especially in BKK1 and Tonle Bassac the actual Central Business District (CBD) is in sangkat Wat Phnom within Daun Penh district. Another hot location for condominium investment is Koh Pich which translates to Diamond Island in khmer, is actually not a sangkat itself. Koh Pich (Diamond Island) is a part of Tonle Bassac commune.Remember, If you are searching for properties on realestate.com.kh and you are interested in properties within Koh Pich, you can simply select this location from the landmarks drop-down list within the search bar or simply select Tonle Bassac as your prefered location. 2. Central Business District, whilst it needs some time to be adopted market-wide, the CBD in Cambodia is defined by the main collection of A to B grade office towers in Phnom Penh including Vattanac Capital Tower, Canadia Tower, Exchange Square, and Raintree which are all located within sangkat Wat Phnom in Daun Penh district. In its vicinity, you will also find key government ministries as well as the leading bank and financial headquarters.3. The South of Phnom Penh or Hun Sen Boulevard is one of the fastest-growing hot spots for investment in Cambodia. Key landmarks and hubs already in operation in the area include: The Factory (an integrated entertainment, food & beverage, arts, culture, and workspace) as well as ISPP, Cambodia's leading international school. Adding to that both landed property and condominium developers have already started construction in the area and three major malls (including AEON Mall 3) will be coming in full operation within the next 5 years. All of which points to a fantastic opportunity for investors, as the area is truly moving out of being a backwater swamp to one of the most livable areas in Phnom Penh. Most developers and agents will refer to the location as "The South", "South of Phnom Penh" or "60 Meter Road" which is actually Hun Sen Boulevard. It runs through multiple sangkats including Chak Angrae Leu which is in Meanchey district.4. Riverside, is another hot spot in Phnom Penh and another area that is not commonly referred to by its actual sangkat or district name. Locally, the location simply earns its name as it sits next to Tonle Sap river and ends where it meets the Mekong river.5. Chroy Changvar is a location often compared to the South of Phnom Penh by agents, developers, buyers, renters, and investors. Not because they are necessarily close to each other, but more because they are both experiencing similar growth in terms of infrastructure development, connectivity, housing developments and more. Chroy Changvar district is commonly known market-wide as the name of the location suggests - Chroy Changvar.(Chroy Changvar is another hotspot for development. It is one of the fastest-growing districts in Phnom Penh / Sieha Phorn)6. Close to the Airport seems to be a term used in emerging market property related marketing worldwide and to add to this the Cambodian government has recently announced the location of the new “Phnom Penh International Airport”. So expect developers to be using a phrase, around both airports from now on. The current airport (the biggest and main airport in Cambodia) is located in Por Sen Chey district, while the new airport will be in Kandal province which is yet another advantage to the Southern part of Phnom Penh. However, all is not lost for those that are looking to or have invested in Por Sen Chey district as this area is very popular with Cambodians and international expats alike, and will remain a key business and logistical hub.(The current Phnom Penh International Airport is the largest airport in Cambodia) 7. Sen Sok is a location widely known by the majority of Cambodians, and less common with international investors or even expats, but if you heard the term AEON 2 or Makro Cambodia  then you're more likely to know where we’re talking about or have at least seen it mentioned by developers. This area is also becoming more and more popular with landed and condo developments.Sihanoukville, Kom Pong Som or even Preah SihanoukOn realestate.com.kh we refer to the coastal region as Sihanoukville so do most developers, agents, and property sellers, certainly, if they are targeting international buyers. Although Sihanoukville includes sub-locations, the areas are more defined by the name of its different beaches such as Sokha Beach, Independence Beach, Ochheuteal, Serendipity and Otres rather than sangkats or khans. The main landmark that is referred to by property developers is the Golden Lions Roundabout, as most people consider this as the centre of town.Off the coast of Sihanoukville, there are also multiple islands with many investment opportunities for foreigners and these locations are all prefixed with the word "Koh" at the start of it, which translates to “island” in Khmer language. So if you see the location Koh Rong for example, this means that it is an island off the coast of Sihanoukville. Ream is another location that you will start to hear more in the coming months and years. Ream is one of the seven national parks in Cambodia and it is only 20 minutes drive from Preah Sihanouk International Airport.(A beautiful beach inside Ream national park, about 50-minute drive from the city centre / Phan Soumy) (Sihanoukville International Airport, one of the three currently running airports in Cambodia / Realestate.com.kh )(A new under-construction road along the coast of Ream leading to the city centre / Phan Soumy)  (This road is part of the nearly 300 million dollars road construction project that is being implemented in Sihanoukville / Phan Soumy) (A wide-open roundabout overlooking the ocean of one of the 34 under construction roads in the coastal province of Preah Sihanouk / Phan Soumy)  Siem ReapSiem Reap is a significant province of Cambodia and home to the famous Angkor Wat temple, the world’s largest religious site. Whilst it remains a favorite place for tourists in Cambodia, it has been less favored by condominium investors. Simply, because up until recently there were not many condominium projects being built. Most of the property developments were and still are landed property or low rise hotels.Why is this? Developers are not allowed to build above the height of Angkor Wat and therefore they have favored Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville. However, this has changed over the last few months. The main thing to know in relation to sub-locations in Siem Reap is to ask the developer if it is close to Pub Street, a famous area within the city centre, full of restants, bars, shops, hotels, guesthouses, and other businesses. Sub locations will be rarely used in marketing material and will simply be marketed with Siem Reap.How does realestate.com.kh tackle some of the above issues?Property seekers can simply use the powerful search bar and type in the first three letters of a city, khan or sangkat and choose from the suggested locations that will appear as the user is typing the location. However, property seekers can also choose from the list of popular locations and even popular landmarks in Cambodia once they have clicked the search bar. Once a property seeker is looking at a property that they are interested in, they can also populate the map that appears on all properties to check the proximity to certain landmarks by simply typing the name of the landmark in the search box on the property page - for example, "Phnom Penh Airport". The map also allows you to populate nearby schools, restaurants, transport and hotels to give the buyer an idea of what infrastructure and amenities are nearby.Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now on both iOS and Android.Article by:

A beautiful Cambodian house with a western-influenced interior design. Supplied.So, you are Retired or Retiring?While Thailand has historically been a popular destination for retirees, Cambodia is rapidly gaining interest for retirees based in Thailand, or those looking for an alternative to retirement in their country of origin. In fact, InternationalLiving.com's Annual Global Retirement Index for 2019 has named Cambodia the number 12 best place in the world to retire. For more information on the requirement for retiring in Cambodia, please read our ultimate guide to retirement in Cambodia.Access to inexpensive quality healthcare, ease of visa processing, and an ever-increasing expat community makes Cambodia an attractive retirement destination. Foreigners are 100% eligible to own a freehold condominium in Cambodia under certain conditions.The Cambodian Foreign Ownership Property Laws (legislation passed in 2010), allow foreigners to buy and own properties in Cambodia on the 1st floor or higher of a condominium. The property must possess a strata title and cannot exceed 70% of foreign ownership. For more information, please read our ultimate guide on the strata title. If you don’t want to live in a condominium, there are a number of options with regard to the purchase of your retirement dream home.Option 1: Purchase a long-term rentalThere are Cambodian properties, both in the city and the countryside, that would be more than willing to rent out their properties to retired expatriates. This is arguably the simplest option for most foreign retirees - a straightforward process with little hassle.Option 2: Registering real property with a Cambodian citizenThis method requires the retiree to have a trusted Cambodian citizen to be the legal owner of their property. This is more popularly known as buying property through the Nominee Structure. This certainly has its downsides such as not having the property in the buyer's name but if the buyer has someone they can trust, this can prove to be more secure than a long-term rental.Option 3: Marriage to a Cambodian nationalForeign buyers who are married to a Cambodian national can register their property using the name of their spouse on the Title Deed.Option 4: Acquisition of honorary Cambodian citizenshipA foreigner may be granted honorary Cambodian citizenship if he or she satisfies a set criteria for citizenship along with a significant donation to the Royal Government of Cambodia for the purposes of benefiting the people of Cambodia.What Do Retirement Homes in Cambodia Look Like?This beautiful villa is located in Arey Ksat area, which is only a short trip away on a ferry from the centre of Phnom Penh city. This property is an ideal option for a perfect retirement home. Looking for a retirement home in Cambodia? Let us help!Article by:

A rendered image of the luxurious Agile Sky Residence in the heart of Phnom Penh.Can foreigners own land in Cambodia? The short answer is No. But the Royal Government of Cambodia has eased on this restriction by allowing foreign nationals to own property via Strata Titles.Strata title in Cambodia is a relatively new type of property ownership and the only one granted to a foreign national. This type of property title is presently restricted to condominiums, and more recently, office buildings since foreign nationals are not allowed to own landed properties in the country.The question now is, how do you, as a foreigner, get a Strata Title?DISCLAIMER: Foreign buyers, local buyers, foreign buyers with Cambodian citizenship, and companies have to satisfy slightly different requirements to purchase a Strata Title. We strongly recommend consulting a real estate agent to walk you through the specifics of your case. For this guide, we will be walking you through the general steps for an individual foreign buyer.How to obtain a Strata TitleObtaining a Strata Title starts with the owner of the property. But before heading to the sales office of a condo, we advise buyers to first check with the local cadastral office and local commune council if the developer/owner does indeed have legal ownership of the original title. In the case of property developers, this step is meant to verify their ownership of the Hard Title and its eligibility to be partitioned into Strata Titles.Upon completing the above mentioned due diligence, buyers may proceed in dealing with the company itself. While condo developers will likely have representatives to handle sales, we advise buyers to obtain a copy of their company/national ID as another layer of due diligence. This goes double for individual condo owners offering their unit(s) for resale.Once that’s clear, the buyer and the owner of the hard title (or an authorised representative) must physically be present at the same time in the cadastral office to initiate the title transfer. Foreign buyers are required to be in Cambodia for the title transfer as their thumbprint is required to be affixed in the Vente Definitive and the Application for Ownership Transfer, both being standard documents provided by the land department.It’s important to note that the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning, and Construction (MLMUPC) requires fully certified documentation of the identity and marital status of the buyer to be supplied and translated into Khmer - this includes the name of the buyer as English names are not permitted on property titles.The requisite fees for title transfers are paid at the General Department of Taxation (GDT). Transfer taxes are paid after the land office reviews and certifies the submitted documents. These same documents will be submitted to the GDT who will then assess the value of the property based on a proprietary set of criteria and calculation methods. An officer from the GDT will then be responsible to perform the evaluation and may take anywhere from 1-2 weeks. After the assessment, an invoice will be issued containing the transfer tax required to be paid.NOTE: It is common practice for sellers to pay the transfer tax, but this can go either way. Be sure to clarify this part of the transfer with the owner.A receipt will be issued by the GDI as proof of payment to the party who made it. This receipt, along with the certified documents will be brought back to the Cadastral Authority at the MLMUPC. A new original title, with the name of the new owner, will be issued by the Cadastral Authority.A sample of a Strata Title issued by the MLMUPC.Other ownership methodsIf you’ve assessed that Strata Titles do not meet your needs, there are other methods such as obtaining Cambodian citizenship, or a company lease, to own landed properties in Cambodia. But those involve completely different steps which are relatively more complicated. We highly recommend seeking the assistance of a Cambodian lawyer to properly guide you through the whole process of these alternative methods.Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:

A lot of foreign businesses are taking an interest in the Kingdom of Cambodia due to its attractive investment environment. As such, local entrepreneurs have thrown in their lot to set up real estate companies to meet the demands of both fellow Cambodians and foreigners. But setting up a real estate company is easier said than done.In this Realestate.com.kh guide, we will give you the guidelines for starting a real estate company with the necessary paperwork and licenses pertinent to Cambodia’s laws and regulations.DISCLAIMER: Realestate.com.kh strongly recommends consulting a lawyer for their professional guidance. This guide is only meant to give prospecting business owners an overview of starting a real estate company in the KingdomKey considerations in starting a real estate agencyInvestors looking to start a real estate agency in Cambodia will need to consider things such as company registration, tax obligations, real estate licenses, office setups, recruitment, and business plans.If you’re interested in starting a different kind of business, you can check Realestate.com.kh’s general guide to starting a business in Cambodia.For the purposes of this guide, we will specifically talk about how to start a real estate agency in Cambodia.Registration with the Ministry of CommerceBusiness registration is required at the Ministry of Commerce of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Registered businesses within the Kingdom are given a certificate of registration.The company must meet these following requirements from the Ministry of Commerce:Shall define a company name to be approved by the Ministry of CommerceShall come up with the company’s terms and conditions, documents to prove where the company is located, identity card of the company owner, certificate of bank deposit (at least $1,000), company stamp, appointment letter, and business registration application.The registration period at the Ministry of Commerce takes about two weeks and costs around $370. There are services rendered free of charge.Paying taxes at the General Department of TaxationAfter registering with the Ministry of Commerce, the applicant must submit the certificate of registration, along with other relevant documents, to the general Department of Taxation to pay their registration tax and annual patent tax for the initial registration.Patent Tax is derived from the taxpayer classification of the business owner under the Self-Assessment Regime of Taxation and is payable between January 1 to March 31 of each year. We advise consulting a lawyer on how you can properly asses your taxation regime to start a business in Cambodia.New taxpayers, whose business began within the first six months of the year will pay their annual tax in full. Those who begin their business within the last six months of the year will only have to pay half of their annual tax.Business owners who own several assets (such as warehouses, offices, etc) under one business in the same province only have to pay their patent tax within that province. Businesses who own assets across provinces will, however, have to meet their patent tax obligations in each province.Business owners are required to display the patent at their place of business. These patents take about 1 to 2 weeks to obtain and will cost 1,200,000 riels (US$290).Obtaining a license from the Ministry of Economy and FinanceThe last general step is to obtain a license from the Ministry of Economy and Finance. In order to apply for a license, the applicant must prepare the following documents:Completed application license formPhoto of the license owner and certificate of professional real estate serviceBackground of shareholder or company ownerLetter from the Ministry of Justice of CambodiaPhotocopy of a national identity card and residence bookDocuments issued by the Ministry of Commerce and Taxation, the company’s certificate of registration, and a copy of a letter of business registration and patent.Letter of business location issued by the local authority, together with photos of the business location.A 3-year business plan.Applying for a license at the Ministry of Economy and Finance takes about one month from the date of filing the sufficient paperwork without error.The required fees for a real estate agent license are as follows:Real estate agent license is 500,000 riels (US$ 120) plus an administration fee of 100,000 riels (US$ 25)Certificate of professional real estate service is 200,000 riels (US$ 50) plus an administration fee of 40,000 riels (US$ 10), totaling 840,000 riels (US$ 210).Once you have been issued a license and professional certificate from the Ministry of Economy and Finance, you can legally operate your business in Cambodia.You can register to be a member of the Cambodian Valuers and Estate Agents Association. Currently, CVEA has over 100 member companies, working as a network to promote real estate in Cambodia.Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:

Cambodian financial institutions saw a huge jump in the amount loaned out for mortgages early this year. Experts in the financial and real estate industries say the trend illustrates the growing strength of the Kingdom’s property sector. According to the latest data from Credit Bureau Cambodia (CBC), mortgage loans nationwide at the end of March amounted to $3.2 billion. This marks an increase of 34 percent from the same time last year when the amount stood at $2.36 billion.“The performance of mortgage loans provided by financial institutions is pretty good in the Cambodia market,” CBC’s Chief Executive Officer Oeur Sothearoath told Realestate.com.kh via e-mail. “The trend is increasing at the same speed as last year and aligns with overall industry growth.” Mortgage loans make up one of the total three categories within the consumer credit index recorded by the CBC. According to Sothearoath, the sum refers only to mortgages given out by financial institutions such as banks or microfinance groups who are CBC members. Mortgage loans from housing developers and borey companies are not accounted for in the figure.Key Real Estate founder and director Sorn Seap said on Thursday that the demand for houses in Cambodia is increasing. This is driven by an increasing number of middle-class and young couples who have higher incomes and want to live separately from their parents. Seap added that the increasing amount proves that financial institutions have confidence in the property sector. Lenders, he said, routinely grant mortgages with down payments as low as 20 percent.“The prices of houses and property will keep growing and this proves to banks that putting their money in the sector is safe and profitable,” he said, adding that the government has allocated more of the national budget toward infrastructure development for things like roads, bridges, and expanding utility services. “With more infrastructure development, there is more buying and selling of property.” CBC’s consumer credit index encompasses personal finance loans, mortgages and credit cards.The total outstanding balance of consumer credit in Cambodia stood at $6.7 billion at the end of March. This was up 7.4 percent from the end of December, according to the latest report from the CBC.Article by:

The six-storey Chip Mong Noro Mall in Boeung Keng Kang I (BKK1) district is scheduled to open shop later this year. The shopping centre is set to have a net leasable area of 7,400 square metres. According to the firm managing the mall, nearly 75 percent of the space is already fully booked by tenants and businesses. Located on Norodom Boulevard, between streets 360 and 370, Chip Mong Noro Mall is the first project by Chip Mong Retail, a subsidiary of Chip Mong Group. Thyda Pov, leasing manager of CBRE, the company responsible for managing Noro Mall, told Realestate.com.kh on Wednesday that the property began signing tenants early this year. She said that more than 75 percent of the leasable space has been booked.Thyda said that the mall is located in a prime location where demand is rising for retail options, residential and commercial buildings.“When the mall goes online, it will leverage even more potential from Boeung Keng Kang district.”According to Thyda, the construction of the building is nearly complete and the only work left is interior design of the mall. She added that tenants include a supermarket, cinema, bakery, restaurants, cafes, and entertainment venues. Additionally, the mall has a parking lot that can host 79 cars and 317 motorbikes. To stay updated on all real estate and business stories in Cambodia, sign up for our newsletter.Article by:

Cambodia’s tourism is expected to increase with more direct flights to the Kingdom. This is opening new doors for new visitors, and potentially retirees. The Kingdom has long established itself as a pleasant and affordable place for seniors to spend their golden years. In this article will explain important points for aspiring expats seeking to retire in Cambodia. It encompasses the choice of visa, currencies & banking, healthcare, cost of living, transportation and where to live.Retirement Visa Regarding visa options, it is quite straightforward with its ER visa program, which enables foreign citizens over 55 to be eligible for visas lasting up to a maximum of 12 months. To get a retirement visa to Cambodia, it is necessary to apply for a regular visa first (E-class visa). The application can be made through the Cambodian Embassy, consulate in your home country or via the online visa portal. Once entering Cambodia, it is necessary to extend the visa to a retirement visa (ER) via a visa agency which will help in dealing with application forms to the Immigration Department. The following documents are required to complete the application:A passport with at least 6 months of validityA blank page in the passport for the visa issuanceA passport photoProof of retirement or pension schemeHealth certificateCriminal background checkAs of the latest update, the cost for the ER visa is approximately $290-$300 for a year. After the visa duration is completed, it must be renewed or extended if one wants to continue living in the Kingdom. It is possible to renew or extend the visa for a duration of 1,3,6 or 12 months.Currencies & Banking ABA Bank, Canadia, and ACLEDA are popular banks in Cambodia. (Source: Khmer Times)Cambodia uses dual currency: the Cambodian riel (KHR) and the US dollar (USD). It's important to note that only US notes are used, not coins, and there are no riel coins. Both currencies are widely used for everyday transactions. However, it is preferable to use riel when purchasing items, as the change is likely to be favourable.When it comes to banking, banks offer options to open accounts using riel or dollars as the default currency. Foreign retirees will also need to transfer their pension funds to a local bank or use a money remittance company. Fortunately, Cambodia has multiple choices for transferring funds from abroad. In Phnom Penh, several branches of Western Union, MoneyGram, and other money transfer companies offer these services.HealthcareAn important aspect of living abroad as a foreign national, especially for retirees, is the healthcare system and its affordability. Cambodia’s healthcare system has significantly improved over the last decade and continues to do so. There are several private clinics, and the public sector is continually developing its services and infrastructure.The Royal Phnom Penh Hospital is regarded as one of the best hospitals in the country. (Source: Supplied)The leading hospitals in Phnom Penh include Royal Phnom Penh Hospital, Calmette Hospital, and several clinics such as Intercare and Advance European Medicare Center. Moreover, dental care is generally of a good standard and quite affordable in Cambodia. Prices for scaling start from $30, and single-tooth implants are around $1,000. Pharmacies are easily found in most parts of the city, offering affordable and accessible drugs and medicines.Many retirees choose to purchase health insurance that covers them for medical treatment both in Cambodia and abroad. It's important to research and understand the healthcare options available and consider including medical expenses in your retirement budget.Where to LiveWhen it comes to deciding where to live, Cambodia offers a variety of landscapes to suit different lifestyle preferences. For those who prefer city life, Phnom Penh is the ideal choice as most economic activities happen in the capital. The city continues to grow with new shopping malls and high-rise buildings, both residential and commercial. Depending on the renter's budget and lifestyle preferences, renting a property in Phnom Penh can range from as low as $200 for a simple studio unit. Modern units in high-rises with a variety of amenities and services start from at least $700 in prime locations such as BKK1, and Tonle Bassac.  BKK1 district is a popular neighbourhood where expats choose to live in Phnom Penh. (Credit: Realestate.com.kh)For a more laid-back lifestyle, Siem Reap is a preferred destination. It is notably popular due to its proximity to the Angkor Wat temple complex, the largest religious monument in the world. It is known to be a more tourist-driven city with an expat community, multiple entertainment options, and dining places that contribute to making the life of retirees pleasant while enjoying a jungle-like environment. Housing options in Siem Reap differ from Phnom Penh, with no high-rise developments but quality accommodations available throughout the town. Rental prices for studios can range from a minimum of $200 depending on the location to more integral resorts such as Angkor Grace.Sihanoukville, Kampot, and Kep are also popular destinations for retirees. In the last decade, Sihanoukville has seen significant development, especially with the construction of new buildings, casinos, and other entertainment facilities. It offers a beach getaway to the islands of Koh Rong and Koh Rong Sanloem for those who enjoy the beach. Kampot and Kep are known for their slow-paced lifestyle, with a community of expats and retirees enjoying their golden days in the countryside.Transportation Transportation in Cambodia is relatively affordable, with options including tuk-tuks, motorbikes, trains, and buses. Tuk-tuks are a popular mode of transportation for short distances within cities, while motorbikes are commonly used for longer trips or exploring the countryside. Buses are available for intercity travel, with both short and long-distance routes. However, it's important to note that road safety and infrastructure in Cambodia may not be up to Western standards, and caution is advised when using transportation options.Cost of LivingCambodia is known for its affordable cost of living, making it an attractive option for retirees on a budget. Expenses such as housing, utilities, transportation, food, and entertainment are generally lower compared to many Western countries. Monthly living costs can vary depending on your lifestyle and location, with Phnom Penh being relatively more expensive than other cities.Below is an approximate average of the costs of living in Phnom Penh.ExpensesAverage Costs Monthly ($)Water$5 onwardsElectricity$20 onwardsGas$15-$17 (depending on market price)Food $150-$300Transportation$50-$150Retiring in Cambodia has become a popular option for foreigners seeking to enjoy their retirement without compromising on quality. The ease of obtaining the Cambodia ER visa, healthcare facilities, affordable cost of living and a large variety of housing options are just a few of the reasons why many choose Cambodia for their golden years.If you are interested in learning more about properties in Cambodia, our real estate agents are ready to assist you. Contact us today.  Click Here

The real estate sector has grown tremendously over the last two years. Much of the activity is being seen in the construction sector.Prakas 965Issued by the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), this prakas has served to establish a system to manage real estate development in Cambodia. It was passed in 2016 and replaced a previous prakas that was less comprehensive. Prakas 965 also serves to regulate the housing business and establish rules for operation. It calls for every developer to be properly licenced. Any business that is developing four or more flats, three or more villas or at least four units in a co-owned must have a licence.Prakas 089The Ministry of Economy and Finance (“MEF”) issued Prakas No. 089 SHV on 20 January 2020 relating to the Management of Real Estate Development Business. The new prakas distinguishes between three different types of licenses or permits depending on the activity performed by the real estate developer:Residential development business license/permitsCo-owned building development business license/permitsLand parcel development business license/permitsPrakas No. 089 specifically instructs that the listed three activities above are subject to obtaining a license or permit if the real estate developer endeavors or performs a business activity for the purposes of a sale or long-term lease. Prakas No. 089 merely reintroduces leasing activities that were excluded by Prakas No. 965.Types of Housing Development LicencesThere are two different types of residential development licences for housing developers in Cambodia.Type 1 Licence: All capital is held by the developer. For this type of licence, construction must be totally complete before the housing is sold.Type 2 Licence: This type allows for investments from many sources such as banks, private investors, or pre-sale buyers. With this licence, sales are allowed during the construction period.The licence fee for developing a flat or single villa is around $25, the exact fee is determined by the MEF.There are two tiers for fees. Units with more than three bedrooms or twin villas have developing fees of $50.Requirements for Developing LicenceIn order to obtain a developing licence in Cambodia, you must meet certain criteria.You must have a company set up. Before the new prakas in 2016 individuals could develop real estate. Now, however, there must be a registered company on the books.The project must be backed up by $500,000 in capital. A housing development account is required. This account is monitored by the Ministry of Economy and Finance.You must have a detailed business plan.The person whose name is on the licence must be a chairman for the associated company.A deposit must be paid for 2% of the total investment of the project. This must be deposited at a branch of the National Bank of Cambodia, or a local affiliate.Note: To withdraw this deposit you will need a closing permit and a report on the completion of construction, issued by the Ministry of Land Management. You also need an assessment from the MEF.A construction licence must be held for the building site.Buying and selling There is plenty of unscrupulous development activity in Cambodia. Article 19 of the prakas lays down regulations for buying and selling. Rules for buying and selling are different depending on which licence you have, Type 1 or Type 2:Type 1 LicenceBefore you start selling under this type of licence, you must have a model home or model unit. You must also have a closing permit and an assessment from the MEF before beginning sales.If you begin sales without a model you can be subject to a fine.Type 2 LicenceYou must also have a model unit for this type of licence, as well as a MEF assessment and closing permit. Under this licence, you are only allowed to take a maximum 1% deposit from buyers before you obtain a construction permit. This must be deposited into the housing development account.Purchase AgreementThere are a few key stipulations about the purchase agreement. It must contain:Names of the buyer and sellerDetails about the plot of land (location, size, etc)Purchase price and payment conditions Responsibility for taxes and processing feesProject completion date and reference to construction permit detailsAdvertising and marketingA developer licence must be obtained before any advertising or marketing takes place. The location of the project must be mentioned in any advertising. The project name must also be mentioned, as well as price, date of commencement and completion.Land declarationIn every step of the development process, it must be clear whether the land is leasehold or freehold. Freehold land is completely held by the property owner. Leasehold land is held under a lease agreement for a certain amount of time.Since foreigners cannot technically own land in Cambodia, those developers can get a long-term lease on the land instead.Monthly reportsThe developer is required to submit monthly reports to the MEF during the life of the project. This report must document all movements of funds in the developer's account. PenaltiesFines for breaking any regulations set down in the prakas can be subject to fines of $25,000. If developers are found to be using accounts separate from the monitored developer account, they can be subject to a fine of $2,500. Advertising without a licence can lead to penalties of $200 per day. Note: This is a general guide and does not constitute definitive legal advice. Always do your own research and invest at your own risk.Looking for property in Cambodia? Let us help!

This year’s World Bank Ease of Doing Business report ranked the country 185 out of 190 when it comes to starting a business in Cambodia. However, many foreigners are still attracted to the Kingdom as a place to begin their journey as entrepreneurs. The report showed that it took an average of 99 days to complete all the legal procedures to register an enterprise. It should be noted, however, that there are a wealth of options other than starting from the ground up. Many people choose to join up with a business that is already established. Others will hire a local fixer to help smooth the process of starting up an operation.Michelle Brown, the founder of Kampot’s Bohemiaz Resort and Spa, notes that she had a close friend living in the country help with the initial process of starting a business in Cambodia. Her associate then came on as a manager and helped find staff when they opened in 2014.Indeed, if you decide you want to try starting a business in Cambodia in either the food and beverage or hospitality sector, you can often find places that are already for sale. Perhaps you want to start a bar, guesthouse or restaurant. Just search business for sale in Cambodia on our site to check out options.‘Unofficial fees’ for doing business in CambodiaUnfortunately, Cambodia still has a reputation for being a place where bribes are a part of the business environment. To be sure, however, things are getting better day by day. Since many processes are quite slow, business owners will sometimes pay unofficial fees to expedite them. Realestate.com.kh does not endorse any form of bribery and recommends full compliance through official channels only.Sole proprietorship in CambodiaDo you want to start a sole proprietorship or a partnership? What licenses will you need? Will you be hiring workers? These are all questions you should be answering before you start the registration process. BNG Legal has this handy guide on their website that you can use as a jumping off point when you begin the process of starting a business in Cambodia.In fact, it wouldn’t hurt to get legal advice from a lawyer in the country. Just a short meeting can often be indispensable for sending you in the right direction. Registering a company in CambodiaBefore starting the registration process you will need:a valid business visaa local bank account with at least $1,000 depositeda certificate of health and a criminal background check from your home countryNote that you should open a bank account with a bank where you can pay government fees such as Acleda, FTB or Canadia Bank.After you have these materials it’s time to start the government registration process. This process will take you through the Ministry of Commerce (MoC), the General Department of Taxation (GDT) and the Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training (MLVT). Luckily, much of the MoC process can be completed online. Refer to the government's guide to registering a Cambodia business for more details.Cambodia business license costWhen the MoC process is complete you will only have two weeks to register as a taxpayer with the GDT. There you can either register for six months or one year as a taxpayer. The fee is $500 or $650, respectively. All documentation from the GDT is usually completed in less than a month.The MLVT process can also be completed—at least in part—online. Note also, that businesses will have to register for the National Social Security Fund here, dependent on how many employees they have.Additionally, there are licences that will be needed. This depends on the sector in which your business operates. If you are starting a guesthouse or restaurant the Ministry of Tourism will be where you go. These licences usually need to be renewed annually.Paying salary tax, profit tax and value-added tax (VAT) is done by the 20th of each month.Securing funding for your Cambodian businessThere are many different ways of getting the capital you need to initiate starting a business in Cambodia. Perhaps you want to scout out investors. Or maybe you want to raise the money yourself or pool funds with a partner. Every industry will have different needs when it comes to initial investments.What kind of business could you start in Cambodia?Traditionally, most foreigners coming to the country start Cambodian businesses in the tourism industry. This means bars, restaurants, guesthouses or tour companies. Many from other areas of Asia also find success expanding their existing operations in manufacturing or production. Increasingly, there are companies springing up in the tech, real estate and financial sectors. This is because the country has reasonably good technical infrastructure and a quickly growing and urbanising population. Make sure to do your research before diving into the country.Finding a space for your Cambodian businessOne of the biggest attractions of starting a business in Cambodia is the affordable real estate here. What’s more, it can be easy to find a space for sale that is already set up for what you need. If you want to start a hotel just search the listings on our site. Looking for a place with everything you need can sometimes be difficult. We recommend consulting the expert assistance of a real estate agent. They can help you zero in on what you need. Of course, if your operation is small you can look at coworking spaces. These are becoming more and more popular in the country and can be an affordable way to get started quickly.Hiring staff for your business in CambodiaHiring staff members is a long and intimate process. However, if it is done right your business will reap the rewards. The Kingdom is disproportionately young, so take this into consideration. A job with the right salary and a possibility of advancement will, hopefully, generate lots of interest.Training can be absolutely pivotal for new employees. Don’t let the cultural divide get in the way, either. If your enterprise is big enough, definitely consider hiring a professional HR manager that can solve any staffing issues.Cambodian offices are usually open for 40 hours a week, but many also work Saturday mornings as well to hit 45 hours a week. The Kingdom has a whopping 28 days of public holiday a year. Many businesses are starting to move towards a less holiday-intensive schedule, but compromises often need to be made. Family is a very important aspect in Khmer culture. Some businesses also choose to add one workday every month to make up for the holidays.Benefits and health insurance are on the rise in Cambodia. However, salary is still one of the most important factors for new hires. There is no hard and fast rule for Cambodian wages. In general, you get what you pay for. Staff with higher skills and more job prospects will command a higher wage. The best way to settle on a fair salary is to do plenty of research. Find out what similar positions in the country are offering. Staff retention is one of the biggest problems you could encounter after starting a business in Cambodia. It’s vital to find the right workers, invest in them and build a strong workplace culture. You can use a staffing agency, job site such as BongThom.com or ask for recommendations from trusted friends. If you plan ahead and emphasise thorough training you and your staff will succeed.Commenting on the rewards and challenges of hiring local staff, Bohemiaz’s Michelle Brown said that seeing her employees grow has been one of the most exciting parts of her experience after starting a business in Cambodia.“It just took some time to adjust to learning how to communicate … the most rewarding thing about what I have created at Bohemiaz isn't the development of the resort but seeing the young girls I employed four years ago blossom into amazing young ladies with real career aspirations and desire to travel and learn,” she said.Buying a business in CambodiaAnother popular option is to buy a business that is already set up. This is especially good if you want to start a hospitality business. Usually, you can find turnkey operations that already have a staff in place, all the needed infrastructure and even a customer base.A few specialty agents operate in the selling of turnkey businesses. One of the major names is Asian Business Brokers. What's more, these agents can also help new owners navigate the laws and requirements to help them get off the ground. Many agents suggest doing your research and having a good plan in place. Watch the video above, Crispian Knowles from Asian Business Brokers says that people need to be fully prepared before they start a business in Cambodia.There are tons of events going on across the country where you can spread the word about your business. Expos and trade shows go on all the time for sectors ranging from real estate and construction to cosmetics and travel. Get your brand out there!Networking with other Cambodia business ownersFellow business owners can be some of the best resources for advice. There are already tons of organisations in the country where you can connect with entrepreneurs from your country. Check out the American Chamber of Commerce in Cambodia (AmCham), BritCham and EuroCham. Their sites have tons of resources and their events are a great place for networking.More informal networks can be found in groups on Facebook and other social media. Finding like-minded individuals will help while you are starting a business in Cambodia. You will eventually get to know other business owners in the area and it can be good to show support for each other. After all, everyone benefits from a growing economy, right?Business Etiquette: Doing business in CambodiaJust like in any other country there are difficult parts to starting a business in Cambodia. You can learn from the mistakes of others, however, and come out ahead. One of the biggest tips you hear from entrepreneurs is to surround yourself with people you trust. Whether it’s business partners, staff or landlords, only rely on people who you truly have faith in. Your business should be like your child. After all, you wouldn’t let just anyone off the street babysit for you, right?Make sure you plan ahead. Do your research. Talk to experts. Ask lots and lots of questions. There is no such thing as too much preparation. Calculate everything out and have a plan in case it all goes wrong. You will thank yourself later.Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, stay flexible. Remember, Cambodia is still a developing nation. There will be setbacks and there will be headaches. If you can roll with the punches you will be that much better off.Brown mentioned that one of the biggest challenges she has faced has been with bank and government contracts. She urged business owners to be totally sure of all the details before signing on the dotted line.“Initially it was also difficult to get a regular supply of imported products, however in the last couple of years the supply chain has vastly improved and the range of western products in Kampot is now amazing,” she added. Creating a successful Cambodia businessGrowing a successful business isn’t easy. It definitely is possible, however. If you work hard you will have something to show for it. Surely you will learn loads about yourself and about this wonderful country.Don’t forget that Realestate.com.kh can help you nearly every step of the way, either. Besides helping you find real estate, our news section can keep you up to date on the sector. Click over to our reports section to check out surveys and reports. Additionally, we have other guides like this one that can help educate you and improve your skills.If you liked this guide you'll love our Investment Guide 2019. Download it for free and learn everything you need to know to start a business! Article by:

Foreign direct ownership of land is prohibited by Cambodian law. However, there are legal mechanisms that allow foreigners and foreign entities to indirectly own and operate land within the Kingdom.Brief History of Land Ownership in CambodiaPrivate ownership of land only became possible in 1992 when the Cambodian Government passed the land law. The local Sangkat issue Soft Title to Cambodians, which is not a full guarantee of ownership and has thus been being exchanged in favor of the nationally-recognized Hard Title.In 2001 the new Land Law came into effect, further strengthening an individual’s right to property ownership and since then, many changes have been made in order to accommodate a more dynamic market that would benefit the economy and the people.It may seem like a lot to take in, but talking about the land ownership law in Cambodia doesn’t always have to be a heavy topic. Here, Realestate.com.kh breaks down things you need to know to be able to invest inland.Since the redistribution of land in 1992, ownership of land can now be held in Cambodia by means of the different titles available. These include hard titles, soft titles, strata titles, and LMAP titles. These serve as official proof of ownership in the Kingdom. But what’s interesting about Cambodian land titles is that even if some titles are recognized nationally, some titles are also only recognized at the local government level.Foreign ownership mechanisms for land in CambodiaThe Land Law of Cambodia prohibits foreigners from directly owning property in the country except through a strata title. But strata titles for residential units are only usually made in co-owned buildings and not land. Fortunately, there are ways foreigners have been able to secure land in Cambodia.Via a Khmer nominee or licensed trust companyThis method will require foreign investors to “nominate” a person with Cambodian citizenship to be the legal owner of the land to be purchased. A ‘trust agreement’ will be formed between the two entities wherein the nominee will agree to hold the property in their name. This method is arguably the most common form of owning land for foreigners due to its straightforward approach and low associated costs. However, it is not a method advised if an investor does not have anyone they can trust to hold their investment.Alternatively, investors looking to go down this route can do so through a licensed trust company in Cambodia. In January 2019, the Royal Government of Cambodia promulgated the Trust Law (the “Trust Law”) strengthening the regime of trusts in the legal system which commenced in 2013. Trust companies allow foreigners to legally own land in Cambodia in their stead. This method is advised for investors who are looking for a licensed service provider liable to legal authorities.Forming a land holding companyA Land Holding Company (LHC) can be formed by a foreigner looking to buy land through a joint venture with a Cambodian. By law, the foreigner has to take up the minority stake up to 49% while the Cambodian partner takes up the majority stake at least 51%. This may seem like a significant caveat for a foreigner looking to go this route, but control of the LHC may fully be granted to the minority stakeholder (the foreigner) through company bylaws, special power of attorney, or other legal instrumentations.The only real drawback of this approach is the cost of registration fees, administration costs, and tax burdens levied on the company and property.Government concessionLand concessions are a means to owning property as a foreigner under an agreement with government authorities. This allows foreigners to legally occupy, utilize and exercise rights over the land in question.The Cambodian government usually grants these concessions through Economic Land Concessions (ELC) and are usually allocated for agricultural and industrial developments. These concessions can be extended through a long-term leasehold. Investors must apply for ELCs through the Ministry of Agriculture, the Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC), and local provincial authorities will then approve the application after investigating the social and environmental effects of the concession.Once initial approvals have been met, the application will go to the office of the Prime Minister where it will be endorsed to the Ministry of Agriculture and become a formal concession agreement. This process may take anywhere from 6 to 9 months.Marrying a CambodianAnother straightforward way of owning land that is not too dissimilar to the previously mentioned nominee structure. Foreigners married to a Cambodian are allowed to purchase land in the Kingdom, however, the name on the land title will only have the Cambodian spouse's name.If you wish to marry a Cambodian, Realestate.com.kh advises you to consult the Cambodian embassy in your home country or consult your home country's embassy if you are already residing in the Kingdom.Becoming a Cambodian citizenThe land ownership laws of Cambodia make the right to own land in their name exclusive to Cambodian citizens. Fortunately, like most countries, it is possible for a foreigner to acquire a Cambodian citizenship, making it arguably the most direct, and consequently, most secure way of owning land in Cambodia. If you wish to pursue this route, you can check B2B Cambodia's guide below.How to obtain Cambodian citizenshipSo, What Kind of Title Do I Need to Get?Hard titles are the strongest type of proof of ownership. It’s given by the Land Management and Planning Office. It contains information that’s recognized by the Ministry of Land and the cadastral office at a national scale. A transfer tax of 4% is paid when a property with a hard title is sold.A Strata Title is also a form of a Hard Title but is most commonly given on newer developments. Strata title holds that foreigners are not allowed to acquire a grounded unit and that foreign ownership is limited to 70% of units in any co-owned building.Soft titles are the most common issued titles in Cambodia. It’s registered and only recognized at the local government level and given by the district office.Land Management and Administration Project Title are considered the safest kind of land title because it uses GPS to allocate land plots. This accurately shows the boundaries of purchased land.How Do I Know What Type of Title I Have?Soft titles typically refer to three documents that can show proof of ownership. These are the application for land occupation, a local government acknowledging the letter of transfer, or a simple private sale-purchase agreement.An application for land occupation is the request made by the possessor of land to the local authorities. A letter of transfer that’s acknowledged by local authorities is a document of transfer that the Chief has acknowledged and signed. While the simple private sale-purchase agreement is an agreement made only between the buyer and seller.Hard titles also refer to three certificate types. These are the Certificate of Land Use and Occupation Rights, Certificate of Immovable Property Possession, and the Certificate of Immovable Property Ownership.Certificate of Land Use and Occupation Rights are called “chicken feather titles” because it has an image of a feather printed on them. This refers to titles issued to owners before the enactment of the land law.The Certificate of Immovable Property Possession is given if the land registration was initiated by an owner in an area where the systematic land registration hasn’t been conducted yet by the government. This is known as “sporadic land registration”. This document usually doesn’t have the map of the property included.The Certificate of Immovable Property Ownership is given after a systematic land registration by the government. Unlike the Certificate of Immovable Property Possession, it has a map showing the land’s location and boundaries.If you are unsure of what the different property titles are, you can learn more in our guide to property titles.Guide to Property Titles in CambodiaWhat if I Want to Get a Hard Title For Security?In a recent breakfast meeting organized by Sciaroni & Associates, Sereyrath Kiri -- an associate of the firm -- saying that soft titles can be made into hard titles via a sporadic land registration. Kiri also mentioned that the cost to do so depends on the location and size of the property.How Do Foreigners Legally Protect Their Land Ownership?Locals may be more secure in just getting a Hard Title and avoiding scams. Foreigners, on the other hand, will need to deal with a few more security details for them to safeguard their land. But it’s not as complex as people think.When a property is owned through a Khmer nominee, foreigners should enter a nominee agreement with the Cambodian citizen. The Khmer nominees should also grant foreigners a long-term lease. A mortgage should be made and registered on the title. Foreigners should also hold the original title. To prevent any misunderstandings in the event of an accident or death, the nominee should also prepare a will or supporting documents.Should ownership fall on a landholding company, it is important to enter into nominee protection documents. The company should be required to grant the foreigner a long-term lease. Similar to the first scenario, a mortgage should be taken and registered on the title, and a will or supporting documents should also be prepared.Like most countries, laws in Cambodia continue to evolve to accommodate the demand of both local and international investors. So, knowing these things and keeping yourself updated may keep you from a whole lot of trouble in the future and even bring you a proper return of investment.Looking to buy land in Cambodia? Click here

The Kingdom of Cambodia is considered as one of the fastest-growing economies in the ASEAN region. According to the World Bank, Cambodia’s economy grew annually by 7 percent both in 2015 and 2016, and is forecasted to grow 6.9 percent year-on-year over the next three years.The Sihanoukville Autonomous Port is Cambodia’s only deep sea port and is the most important trade gateway driving the country’s economic growth. The port is strategically located in an ideal location in Cambodia’s  coastal southwest and is safe from typhoons, tsunamis, and other natural  disasters.Occupying about 125 hectares, Sihanoukville port was constructed in 1956 and started operations  in 1960. Currently,  the port has 8 terminal berths with a total length of 1,330 meters and is equipped with modern cargo-handling equipment.Over the last five years, the amount of container throughput  increased by an average of 11% per year. In 2015, the port generated a total revenue of $49 million, nearly an 18% increase from  the $9 million generated in 2014.The Royal Government of Cambodia has recently designated the port as an  industrial development zone.  This port has seen great potential in expanding the trade between Cambodia and other countries in the ASEAN, Asia-Pacific rim and the rest of the world.Sihanoukville port has entered into an IPO to further improve its business prospects. The IPO netted nearly $27 million for the purchase of land and equipment for expansion.Looking for real estate for rent in Sihanoukville  or real estate for sale in Sihanoukville? or Read the The Ultimate Guide To Sihanoukville by Realestate.com.kh

Gaining a basic understanding of property taxes in Cambodia is important for property owners, sellers, and buyers in the country. Knowledge of these important obligations will not only make transactions easier but also help everyone avoid unnecessary costs and penalties.This guide is designed to give you a basic understanding of obligations so you don’t go blind into Cambodia’s property market.Overview of Property Taxes in Cambodia:Cambodia has a 0.1% Property Tax applied on Immovable PropertiesProperty Taxes must be paid every year around SeptemberProperties below $25,000 (100 Million KHR) are exempt from Property TaxAgricultural land, industrial, and state-owned lands are exempt from Property TaxLocal tax offices have a valuation matrix called the Tax Base for specific property types and sizes within their jurisdiction, this factors into the final Property Tax that has to be paid.How much is Property Tax in Cambodia?Property taxes in Cambodia are officially referred to as “Tax on Immovable Property” (TOIP) and levies an annual tax of 0.1% on properties that have a value of more than $25,000 (100 million KHR). The term “Immovable Property” includes plots of land, infrastructure on land, and buildings.NOTE: Properties valued under $25,000 are exempt from paying the Property TaxProperty Tax is generally calculated by the following formula:(80%*(tax base)-$25,000)*0.1% = Property TaxSample calculation:Mr. Ivanov owns a reinforced concrete building with 3 floors with each floor having 15m x 25m of floor size. Mr. Ivanov consulted with the Property Valuation Commission and retrieved the following Tax Base relevant to the property:Land price per sqm$1,000Ground floor per sqm$250First-floor per sqm$200Second-floor per sqm$150 Mr Ivanov’s 3-storey building’s property tax can then be calculated like this:Land price25m x 40m x $1,000$1,000,000Ground floor15m x 25m x $250$93,750First-floor15m x 25m x $200$75,000Second-floor15m x 25m x $150$56,250 Tax Base of Mr Ivanov’s property: $1,225,000. Let’s take this Tax Base and apply the Property Tax formula.(80%*($1,225,000)-$25,000)*0.1% = $955 will be the Property Tax Mr Ivanov has to pay every year for his 3-storey building.What is a Tax Base and How is it calculated?A Tax Base is a price per square metre for a certain property type assessed by the Ministry of Economy and Finance. Here is a table of the Tax Base for properties located in Daun Penh, Chamkarmon, 7 Makara, and Toul Kork as of 2018:TAX BASE AS OF 2018TYPE OF BUILDINGPart of buildingBuilding age <10 years (USD/sqm)Building age >10 years (USD/sqm)Reinforced concrete frameworkSemi-permanent structureCondoReinforced concrete frameworkSemi-permanent structureCondoBasement$200$200$200$180$180$180Ground floor (E0)$250$120$600$200$100$500First floor (E1)$200$100$600$150$80$500Second-Fifth floor (E2-E6)$150$80$600$100$60$500Six-Tenth floor (E6-E10)$700$700$700$600$600$600Eleventh floor onwards (E11)$800$800$800$700$700$700 Registration Tax (a.k.a. Transfer/Stamp Tax)The Registration Tax (a.k.a. Transfer/Stamp Tax) is the tax paid for transferring property ownership or right occupancy of land that does not have a standing building on top. This is a 4% tax derived from the Tax Base of the property in question.This property-related tax is crucial to know if you’re someone looking to buy or sell property in Cambodia. Sellers are generally the ones shouldering the transfer tax, though it can go either way - this is best discussed in clear terms with whoever you may be transacting with.NOTE: Properties transferred to direct kin via inheritance are exempted from the Registration Tax. The relevant Prakas states “transfers between spouses, parents, and children, or grandparents and grandchildren, will no longer require this tax”Calculation formula: (Tax Base*4%) = Registration TaxSample calculation: ($100,000*4%) = $4,000 Registration TaxProperty Tax on Rental PropertyLocals and foreigners who own and rent out their properties need to pay Rental/Income Tax every year. A foreign investor who buys property here and rents it out needs to pay 14% of the gross rate annually while locals have to pay 10%.Property Tax on Unused LandThe Unused Land Tax is a 2% tax levied on bare plots of land with no building constructed and abandoned landed properties in cities like Phnom Penh. The Unused Land Tax is determined by the Unused Land Appraisal Committee (ULAC).How is Property Tax paid in Cambodia?Property Taxes can be paid via local tax office branches or through ACLEDA Bank, Canadia Bank, Vattanac Bank, or Cambodia Public Bank. For already registered properties, taxpayers will only need the tax payment receipt of the previous year or their Property Tax Registration ID.For unregistered properties, owners must contact the local tax office their property is in. The following documents will be required for registration:Tax Form PT01 - a form issued by the General Department of Taxation (GDT) that asks owners to outline the specifics of their property.Tax Form PT02 - another form issued by the GDT which serves as a tax application form.National ID Card, Birth Certificate, or PassportResidence Book or Family Book or Residency LetterOther documents may be required depending on the status of those involved in the transaction. We highly encourage seeking legal assistance for more specific matters.Capital Gains Tax in CambodiaThe Capital Gains Tax in Cambodia is a flat 20% rate. The Capital Gains Tax was promulgated through Prakas 346 in April 2020 and was initially to be enacted in July 2020. However, the advent of COVID-19 delayed its implementation to January 2022 to keep Cambodia's property market activity going throughout the pandemic.Contrary to what most people perceive: The Capital Gains Tax in Cambodia is not exactly new; businesses in the Kingdom have always paid capital gains. The material difference now is that it applies to individuals, especially those looking to sell immovable property a.k.a. real estate. A more thorough discussion of Capital Gains Tax in Cambodia can be found here.The Capital Gains Tax in Cambodia can be calculated in 2 different ways:Actual Expense Deduction MethodThis method takes the sales proceeds and subtracts the expenses the seller made on that property to get the actual Capital Gains Tax to be paid. These deductibles can be the purchase cost, consulting fees, registration tax, commissions, and even advertising. These actual expenses are deducted from the sales proceeds and 20% of the difference will be the Capital Gains Tax to be paid.There are more applicable deductibles so we highly suggest you keep tabs on the expenses you made in your property if you are planning to sell in the future.Determination-Based Deduction MethodThis method takes 80% of the sales proceeds and subtracts it from the whole sales value. The result will be the Capital Gains and 20% of it will be the Capital Gains Tax to be paid. This method is highly beneficial for property owners who buy low and are planning to sell high.Capital Gains Tax in Cambodia is expected to be enforced by January 2022. Once the law is in effect, we highly encourage keeping tabs on your expenses on the property to properly assess which method applies best in your case.Looking for property in Cambodia? Let us help!Article by:

New York Times has released their starter kit for escaping into the world, namely, through releasing their renowned list of the ‘52 places to go in the world’. The beaches of Sihanoukville ranked at number 13 on the list amongst other top destinations such as New Orleans in Louisiana taking the top spot, followed by Colombia, and  Basilicata in Italy. - see Realestate.com.kh's The Ultimate Guide To Sihanoukville for a complete overview of Sihanoukville.As the list eluded to, Cambodia has been notoriously famous for it's Angkor Wat Temples in Siem Reap - which still remain as the biggest tourist attraction in Cambodia. In 2015 Angkor Wat was labeled by Lonely Planet as the number one tourist destination in the world.However, adorned with white sand beaches, accessible islands, a host of developments and new infrastructure initiatives in play- allowing for ease of access to the seaside province- it seems that Sihanoukville's tourism potential is garnering well deserved global attention.Sihanoukville International Airport has been undergoing major renovations, whilst the construction of a new terminal promises to increase capacity to 500,000 passengers per year. Once completed, Sihanoukville Airport is set to be the kingdom's largest airport. Already new flight routes have been added, with ongoing international flights from China, Vietnam, and Malaysia.Further to this, Grand Union Group, the developer of Dara Sakor Seashore Resort Casino in Koh Kong received permission in 2017 to build another airport. Although Koh Kong is not directly in the province, it still represents another key point of access which is within a few hours driving distance to Sihanoukville.Construction is anticipated to commence on this airport in early 2018 and will involve a total investment of 500 million USD.In terms of the hotel scene- both on the shoreline and the multitude of surrounding islands, including the popular Koh Rong, Koh Rong Sanloem, Koh Russey and Krabey Island- this has exploded over the last few years.Of special note is Six Senses on Krabey Island, a mere 20-minute boat transfer south of Sihanoukville, and Alila Villas on Koh Russey, with both resorts opening in 2018. Both will offer the full island experience, with snorkeling, diving, and all other beach amenities for tourists to enjoy.  Besides hotels, the potential for mixed-use and residential developments has caught the eye of major international developers. D’Seaview, Blue Bay, The SeaGate Suite, Royal Bayview and Sunshine Bay are amongst the major projects which are currently under construction- and will bring luxury facilities, and a new skyline to the province.In addition, infrastructure initiatives such as a direct highway between Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville improved internal roads, port expansions and Cambodia's largest Special Economic Zone (SEZ) are all factors contributing to Sihanoukville's status as a 'boomtown’ for attracting both tourists and investors alike.   Search properties for sale in Sihanoukville and current properties for rent in Sihanoukville!

A groundbreaking took place on Mong Rithy Street, Corner Road 1003 at Khan Sen Sok, surrounded by a group of workers and engineers, still actively working. This new construction site will soon be home to the first  wholesale supermarket in the country, known as Makro.According to Cambonomis, Makro supermarket will be built on an area of approximately 5 hectares with a height of 2 floors. It will be located in Sen Sok district, near Aeon Mall 2 (AEON), Japan supermarket.The upcoming supermarket is a joint venture between the company, LYP Group, which owns 30 percent., And CP Group owns 70 percent. This project will employ over 200 employees, working for the rising shopping mall.The local media have reported that yesterday's (29th of May) groundbreaking ceremony, the Mayor of Phnom Penh Mr Pa Socheatvong said "The establishment of supermarkets are within the government’s project. It's good to know when we have an upcoming wholesale supermarket so that the selling price of goods will not changing too fast, avoiding inflation"Makro is set to be the largest warehouse shop in the Kingdom which will bring Thai products to local consumers.In the past years Cambodia has seen many international projects of shopping centers coming into the market; and after the Japanese investments of AEON Mall and AEON Mall 2, it is now the turn of the Thai CP Group. Let’s wait and see who will step in next!Please find out development news in Cambodia on Realestate.com.kh

Sihanoukville is one of the major tourist destination of Cambodia and is seeing a rapid economic growth. Currently, tourism and real estate are the main drives of its development and investors are rushing here not to miss out on the benefits of investing in the housing and hospitality sector.What are the types of Houses for Sale in Sihanoukville?Currently, the housing sector in the province is growing significantly due to the increasing demand of the tourism sector. Several kind of residential properties can now be found such as flats, villas, apartments, and resorts for tourism or business.Borey for sale in SihanoukvilleBoreys are regarded as a gated community occupied by people looking for a modern living space, and they usually offer different types of residential units such as apartments, villas, and shophouses. Borey projects available in this area include Borey BS, Borey Peal City, and the Borey Hillton Park Villa. These borey projects typically start with 1-bedroom with a starting price of $60,000.Condo for sale in SihanoukvilleAs in the rest of the country, the supply of condo projects in Sihanoukville is growing too.One of the prime condo projects that saw an early investment opportunity in Sihanoukville is D'Seaview Condominium project. The development is located only1 km from the coast of Sokha beach and the fresh air and the beautiful natural scenery provides comfort and great atmosphere to those living there. Residential units range from 1 to 3 bedrooms and are suitable for those looking for a modern lifestyle by the beach.Another condominium project in this area is The Royal Bayview which is located along the coast of Independence​ Beach. The project will feature 1.344 units and will also have a 3-storey shopping area. The Royal Bayview is expected to reach completion by the end of 2019.Another project located near by is The Blue Sky Tower, which is located in Sangkat 2, with a starting price of $40,000.  The Nest Apartments Seaview Condominium is also rising on the in the area and is located along the coast of Hawaii beach. It has 9 storeys and has unit sizes ranging from 30 to 126 square meters with a price range of $28,500 to $52.500.It is clear therefore that the number of residential condominium projects rising in the coastal areas is growing very fast.Why are residential developments in Sihanoukville attractive?Currently, a number of infrastructure projects are under construction such as The railway system, the airport expansion, the Sihanoukville port development. This development will not only help boost the growth potential of the region and provide confidence for investors, but it will also ease the transport of materials and reduce the price of condos in the area. In addition, Sihanoukville is becoming very popular due to its location, and clean beaches.As mentioned earlier, tourism is also growing very fast: the Department of Tourism expects tourist numbers to run up to 3 million annually by the end of 2020 -- 1 million of international arrivals and 2 million locals.What are the potential areas for investment in Sihanoukville?Sangkat 4 seems to be one of the best options for residential area. It is located alongside the beach and includes the Ochheuteal Beach and stretches for 4 kilometers. It is located along the coastal road towards Serendipity beach and is a very popular area because of its convenience in terms of transportation and international trade.There is no doubt that Sihanoukville is becoming increasingly popular; whether you are looking for a vacation house or looking to relocate by the beach, is it certainly worth to check what the market is currently offering.Find out more about new developments in Sihanoukville on Realestate.com.kh now!Take 2 minutes to complete our survey and win and IPhone 8!